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A middle-aged woman sitting on a barrel next to an outside staircase. She is holding a sketchbook.

“Technology knows no international boundaries . . . great engineers create for the progress of all mankind.” (Lili Réthi, Radio Salzburg Broadcast...

Detail of cover of a brochure showing different types of egg crates, about 1900

Eggs come in six sizes—jumbo, extra-large, large, medium, small, and peewee—and in three grades—AA, A, and B (grades are United States classifications...

Title page of Hopkins’s address to manufacturers

On July 31, 1790, the inventor Samuel Hopkins was awarded the first US patent for a new method of making potash and pearl ash. Potash, later termed...

Model is a white cube on legs with a hinged door and controls on the base

The refrigerators of the 1920s were deadly. Their motorized compressors easily malfunctioned, allowing the refrigerants—that is, toxic gases—to escape...

Detail of Figure 1, US Patent 1,242,872, showing entrance signage

Navigating a supermarket today is strikingly different than only three months ago. Store layouts designed over the past 100 years encouraged shoppers...

Rectangular black-and-beige plastic box with keypad on right and register tape on left.

As any one of my good friends will tell you, I love talking about my experience working in the food industry. From the time I was legally eligible to...

Detail of cartoon drawing of men sitting around an old-time general store. One man is nailing up a sign that reads, in part, “Pump Salesmen Wanted. Must be experts upon water meters, filters, . . . engines . . . compressors . . . etc.”

I stared at the search results, unable to make heads or tails of the metal contraptions on my screen. I wanted to be an archivist, not an engineer. I...

Screenshot of Douglas Engelbart presenting the mother of all demos on 9 December 1968. Engelbart wears a headset and his head and shoulders appear on the right side of the screen. Part of a shopping list, including grocery items bananas, carrots, lettuce, beans, and more, is on the left side.

One of my favorite artifacts in the museum is the first computer mouse, which is currently on display in the Silicon Valley section of Places of...

A projection of 3 views of a male customer’s reflection in mirrors, from the side, front, and back. He is wearing a tape measure harness that goes around his neck, arm (at the shoulder), chest, waist, and hips.

In the early 1940s, Henry Booth, a textile jobber and President of Amalgamated Textile Limited, realized that retailers of ready-made suits had to...

The reverse side of the John Scott medal, inscribed, “THE SCOTT PREMIUM TO THE MOST DESERVING To John McMullin [sic] of Sinking Valley, Huntingdon County Penna. for a Knitting Machine 1835.”

John McMullen (1791-1870) and Joseph Hollen, Jr. (1798-1874), both of central Pennsylvania, patented a machine for knitting stockings in 1831. This...

Figure 3 of Sholes US Patent 207,559 (1878) shows the now-standard QWERTY keyboard layout.

When was the typewriter invented? Let me offer a hint. The first printing press that used movable type (made of porcelain) was invented in the 1040s...

12 contemporary textile pins made by W.H. Bagshaw Co. arranged in a radiating circle

In 1776, Adam Smith began his famous text, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, with what sounded like an anecdote...

Frick Ice logo as seen through bricks of ice

Where does ice come from? The refrigerator door, most of us would answer. But the technology to create the kind of “artificial” ice we take for...

American eagle made out of knives and forks

In 1847, Charles Clarenbach (circa 1820-1877) and Leopold Herder (circa 1825-1874), both German immigrants, founded Clarenbach & Herder (634 Arch...

Spark!Lab activity developer Tim at work in his office/workshop

During 2016, the National Museum of American History has adopted “America Participates” as its theme. Naturally, my own thoughts have turned to how...

Margaret Knight’s patent model for an improved paper bag making machine shows 2 sets of 3 gears attached by articulated arms and springs to a wooden frame and horizontal bed where the paper is moved through the bag making process.

During 2016, the National Museum of American History has adopted “America Participates” as its theme. Naturally, my own thoughts have turned to how...

Patent tag for Paper box by Charles E. Bolchini, 1879.

I like boxes. They’re useful for containing, organizing, and moving “stuff.” Sometimes they hide the “stuff” you don’t want seen. Boxes can also be...